Explain How the Different States of Europe Emerged from the Carolingian

question 41

Essay

Explain how the different states of Europe emerged from the Carolingian Empire. How were the forms of government similar or different?​

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Definitions:

Risk-free Asset

An investment that is assumed to have no risk of financial loss, often exemplified by government bonds.

Kurtosis

A statistical measure that describes the shape of a distribution's tails in relation to a normal distribution, indicating the potential for extreme outcomes.

Distribution

In finance, the way returns are spread out over time or the manner in which assets are allocated within an investment portfolio.

Bell Curve

A graphical representation of a normal distribution, characterized by a symmetrical bell-shaped curve where most occurrences take place around the mean.