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From a purely economic point of view, discrimination exists when
Seller
An individual or business that offers goods or services for sale to consumers or other businesses.
Lemons Problem
A phenomenon where the presence of information asymmetry in a market leads to low-quality products being sold, as sellers have more information about the product than buyers.
Moral-Hazard
A situation where one party engages in risky behavior knowing that it is protected against the risk because another party will bear the cost.
Above-Equilibrium Wages
Wages that are higher than the market equilibrium, often used by employers to reduce turnover or increase productivity.
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