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A free market system tends to
Sample Mean
The average of all the data points in a sample, used as an estimate of the population mean.
Square Root
The square root of a number is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number.
P < 0.05
A statistical threshold indicating that the observed results are significant with a probability of less than 5% being due to chance.
Obtained Value
The actual value measured or computed from a data set or experiment, often compared against a theoretic or critical value in hypothesis testing.
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