Any State or Local Law That "Directly and Substantially" Conflicts

question 19

Multiple Choice

Any state or local law that "directly and substantially" conflicts with valid federal law is preempted under the ________.

• A) Supremacy Clause
• B) Commerce Clause
• C) Due Process Clause
• D) Free Exercise Clause

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Definitions:

Conclusions

Judgments or decisions reached after consideration of data and evidence.

Graphical Presentation

The visual depiction of data using charts, graphs, or other visual aids to facilitate understanding.

Quantitative Variables

Variables that are measured on a numeric scale and can have an infinite number of values.

Scatter Diagram

A graphical representation of the relationship between two quantitative variables, with data points plotted on a two-dimensional plane.