The Denominator in Calculating Return on Common Equity Is

question 11

Multiple Choice

The denominator in calculating return on common equity is:

• A) average common shareholders' equity.
• B) average shareholders' equity.
• C) net income.
• D) total shareholders' equity.
• E) net income available to common shareholders.

Understand the basic strategies companies can adopt for competitive advantage.

Identify the primary and support activities in a firm's value chain.

Grasp the impact of technology on business operations and competitive strategies.

Comprehend the difference between effectiveness and efficiency in organizational processes.

---

Definitions:

Adverse Selection

A situation where asymmetric information leads to the selection of undesirable risks by one party in a transaction, often seen in insurance and financial markets.

Moral Hazard

When a party whose actions are unobserved can affect the probability or magnitude of a payment associated with an event.

Asymmetric Information

Asymmetric information exists when one party in a transaction has more or better information than the other, potentially leading to an imbalance in power or unfair outcomes.

Standardization

The process of making something conform to a standard, typically to facilitate compatibility and interoperability among multiple items or systems.