Which of the Following Criticisms Did Alvin Gouldner Make About

question 25

Multiple Choice

Which of the following criticisms did Alvin Gouldner make about bureaucracies?

• A) Promotions and dismissals tend to be predictable.
• B) Rules that reduce uncertainty for management reduce job satisfaction for workers.
• C) Efficiency is often more important than authority.
• D) They are often created to give managers more power over workers.

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Definitions:

Sternberg's Definition

A conceptual framework proposed by psychologist Robert Sternberg, categorizing intelligence into analytical, creative, and practical components.

Experimental

Pertaining to a method of investigation in the sciences and psychology involving controlled testing and observation to establish cause and effect relationships.

School Psychologist

A professional who supports students' learning, behavior, and mental health within educational settings.

Intellectual Abilities

Cognitive capabilities that include reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking, complex idea comprehension, learning efficiently, and learning from experience.