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Define Decoding and List Three Main Causes of Incongruence in the Decoding

question 48

Essay

Define decoding and list three main causes of incongruence in the decoding process.


Definitions:

Critical Value

A point on the scale of the test statistic beyond which the null hypothesis is rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis, significant within a particular testing framework.

P-Value

Represents the probability that the observed data would occur by chance in a hypothesis test, used to infer the significance of experimental results.

Poisson Distribution

A statistical distribution predicting the probability of a given number of events happening in a fixed interval of time or space.

Observed Frequencies

The actual number of occurrences of events measured or recorded during a study or experiment.

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