Beverley, Who Is a Canadian Judge, Has Just Heard the Parties

question 12

Multiple Choice

Beverley, who is a Canadian judge, has just heard the parties' arguments in a tort case.Given the complexity of the situation, she feels the need to research the relevant law before she gives her decision.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

• A)Beverley will need to examine the rules pertaining to intentional torts if the case before her deals with product liability.
• B)Beverley will have to examine the rules pertaining to strict liability torts if the case before her deals with a conspiracy.
• C)Beverley will need to examine the law of defences if the case before her deals with an intentional tort but not if it deals with a strict liability tort.
• D)Beverley is entitled to impose liability only if she is satisfied that the defendant breached a legal obligation, even if the case deals with a strict liability tort.
• E)Every type of intentional tort requires proof that the defendant intended to cause the plaintiff to suffer an injury.

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Definitions:

Tragedy of the Commons

A situation in which individuals acting independently and rationally according to their own self-interest behave contrary to the best interests of the whole group by depleting or spoiling shared resources.

Pollutants

Substances that cause pollution, having harmful effects on the environment and living organisms.

Cost-Benefit Analysis

A systematic process of comparing the costs and benefits of a decision, project, or action to determine its feasibility or profitability.

Recycling Intervention

Programs or actions designed to increase the rate of recycling among communities or organizations by changing attitudes or behaviors.