Examlex
Calculate the expected payoff for the following cases, where q1 and q2 are the probabilities of state 1 and 2, respectively.
Random Assignment
The process of selecting participants for experimental and control groups by using a chance procedure to guarantee that each participant has an equal probability of being assigned to any of the groups; a control for selection bias.
Participant
An individual who takes part in a study or experiment, providing data for researchers to analyze.
Equal Chance
The principle that each participant or subject in a study has an equal probability of being chosen for any given condition or treatment.
Confounding Variable
is an external factor in a research study that may affect the outcome of the experiment, leading to inaccurate conclusions if not controlled.
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