An Explanation for Why Cross-Cultural Research on Moral Development Has

question 25

Multiple Choice

An explanation for why cross-cultural research on moral development has not found that everyone reaches the highest stage of moral reasoning is that

• A) people in many cultures are reluctant to answer questions about hypothetical dilemmas.
• B) the interviewers did not do a good job of making the participants comfortable before the interviews began.
• C) the measure of moral reasoning used in this research may be biased because it reflects Western and urban cultural values.
• D) the research frequently used interviewers who were from different ethnic backgrounds than the people they interviewed.

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Definitions:

Esteem Needs

A concept from Maslow's hierarchy of needs that refers to the human desire for respect, self-esteem, and recognition from others.

Deficit Principle

The concept that suggests individuals are more motivated by their unmet needs than by desires that have already been satisfied.

Maslow's Theory

A psychological theory proposing a hierarchy of human needs that motivate behavior, starting from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.

Self-Actualization Needs

The apex of Maslow's needs pyramid, which encompasses achieving one's ultimate potential, pursuing self-realization, aiming for personal development, and experiencing life's high points.