In the 1920s Muller Discovered That X-Rays Caused Mutation in Drosophila

question 45

Multiple Choice

In the 1920s Muller discovered that X-rays caused mutation in Drosophila. In a related series of experiments in the 1940s, Charlotte Auerbach discovered that chemicals-she used nitrogen mustards-have a similar effect. A new chemical food additive is developed by a cereal manufacturer. Why do we test for its ability to induce mutation?

• A) We worry that it might cause mutation in cereal grain plants.
• B) We want to make sure that it does not emit radiation.
• C) We want to be sure that it increases the rate of mutation sufficiently.
• D) We want to prevent any increase in mutation frequency.
• E) We worry about its ability to cause infection.

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Definitions:

Cell Theory

A fundamental theory in biology stating that all living things are made up of cells, that the cell is the basic unit of life, and that all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Basic Similarities

Fundamental aspects that are common or shared between entities, enabling a comparison or understanding of their basic nature.

Small Cell Size

An attribute of cells that allows for a larger surface area relative to volume, facilitating efficient nutrient and waste product exchange.

Surface Area

The total area of the surface of a three-dimensional object.