Refer to the Treatments Listed Below to Answer the Following

question 29

Multiple Choice

Refer to the treatments listed below to answer the following questions.
You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium, virus, viroid, or prion. You have four methods at your disposal that you can use to analyze the substance in order to determine the nature of the infectious agent.
I. treating the substance with nucleases that destroy all nucleic acids
and then determining whether it is still infectious
II. filtering the substance to remove all elements smaller than what can
be easily seen under a light microscope
III. culturing the substance by itself on nutritive medium, away from
any plant cells
IV. treating the sample with proteases that digest all proteins and then
determining whether it is still infectious
-Which treatment could definitively determine whether or not the component is a viroid?

• A) I
• B) II
• C) III
• D) IV
• E) first II and then III

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Definitions:

Tax Incidence

The analysis of the effect of a particular tax on the distribution of economic welfare among entities in the economy.

Tax Rate

The rate at which taxes are applied to the income of a person or a company.

Tax Burden

The total amount of tax that individuals, businesses, or specific sectors of the economy bear.

Federal Personal Income Tax

A tax levied by the federal government on the income of individuals, with rates varying based on income levels.