When Wilding and Valentine Presented the Participants in Their Study

question 447

Multiple Choice

When Wilding and Valentine presented the participants in their study with memory tasks that prevented the use of learned strategies and techniques,

• A) all of the participants were able to excel on these tasks at the same level as when they were able to use the learned strategies.
• B) all of the participants were able to memorize the task but at a lower level than when they were able to use the learned strategies.
• C) several of the participants were able to excel on these tasks.
• D) none of the participants were able to excel on these tasks.

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Definitions:

Idealized Influence

A component of transformational leadership where leaders act as role models, inspiring respect, trust, and admiration through their vision, ethics, and actions.

Transformational Leaders

Leaders who inspire and motivate followers to achieve higher levels of performance by fostering trust, admiration, loyalty, and respect.

Transactional Leaders

Leaders who focus on the exchange process between themselves and their followers, emphasizing clear structures, rewards, and penalties.

Predictive Validity

Predictive validity refers to how well a test or tool predicts future outcomes or behaviors.