In His Later Writings, Sigmund Freud Related Suicide to ______

question 90

Multiple Choice

In his later writings, Sigmund Freud related suicide to ______.

• A) a collapse of the id leading to destructive dominance of a guilt-ridden superego
• B) the effects of stress and external social forces
• C) the perception that life has become meaningless, dull, empty, and hopeless
• D) an inborn death instinct

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Definitions:

Latent Learning

Learning that occurs without any obvious reinforcement of the behavior or associations that are learned, becoming apparent only when there is an incentive to demonstrate it.

Variable-Ratio

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable number of responses, often used in gambling and behavior training.

Shaping

A method used in behavior therapy and training that involves reinforcing successive approximations of a target behavior until the desired behavior is achieved.

Spontaneous Recovery

A phenomenon in psychology where a previously extinguished response re-emerges after a period of no exposure to the conditioned stimulus.