Magic-Like Rituals Are an Important Part of the Behavior of Athletes

question 49

Multiple Choice

Magic-like rituals are an important part of the behavior of athletes in athletic competition.Certain ritual behaviors,such as wearing the same clothing or washing one's hands after a losing inning,are:

• A)learned and passed down in particular baseball teams
• B)adopted because the player associated certain activities with success
• C)purchased from magical specialists
• D)none of the above

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Definitions:

Transactional Leaders

Leaders who focus on the routine transactions between the organization and its members, emphasizing clear structures, rewards for performance, and penalties for non-performance.

Expectancy Theory

A motivational theory suggesting that an individual's motivation is influenced by their belief in the effectiveness of their efforts, the value of the rewards for success, and the likelihood that their efforts will lead to expected outcomes.

Goal Setting

The process of identifying specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound objectives.

Implicit Leadership

Refers to the concept that people have inherent beliefs and expectations about the attributes and behaviors that characterize effective leaders.