Oswald Spengler and Arnold Toynbee Suggested a Theory That Civilizations

question 24

Multiple Choice

Oswald Spengler and Arnold Toynbee suggested a theory that civilizations pass through:

• A) upward spirals of prosperity indefinitely.
• B) silver, bronze, and iron ages.
• C) changes which reflect inevitable progress.
• D) cycles of growth, climax, and decline.

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Definitions:

Probability Distribution

A math function tasked with computing the odds of different potential outcomes during an experiment.

Multiple Regression Model

A statistical technique that uses several explanatory variables to predict the outcome of a response variable.

Degrees of Freedom

Degrees of freedom refer to the number of independent values or quantities which can be assigned to a statistical distribution or to a system without violating any constraint.

Sum of Squares

A statistical measure of the dispersion of observation values given by the sum of the squared differences from the mean.