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Technological changes now constitute only a minor part of social life.
Male and Female Patients
Male and Female Patients refers to the classification of patients based on their gender, a common demographic variable considered in medical and health research.
Obtained Value
The actual value or result measured or calculated from an experiment or survey.
Test Statistic
A value calculated from sample data during a hypothesis test. It is used to make a decision regarding the null hypothesis.
Alpha Level
The alpha level, often symbolized as α, is the threshold of statistical significance in hypothesis testing, commonly set at 0.05.
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