According to Expectancy Theory Which of the Following Would Be

question 35

Multiple Choice

According to expectancy theory which of the following would be an example of negative instrumentality?

• A) You believe no matter how hard you work your performance will not be recongized.
• B) You do not have confidence in your ability to perform the required task.
• C) You do not value the reward.
• D) You are not motivated to exert any effort.

---

Definitions:

Standard Score

A score that has been transformed to fit a normal distribution, usually with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15.

National Mean

The average score or value derived from a specific set of data collected across a nation.

Standard Deviation

The statistical metric that calculates the dispersion or spread of data points in a dataset around the average value.

Raw Score

An untreated score before manipulation or processing to make it a standard score, as must be done for all norm-referenced tests. Raw scores alone tell us little, if anything, about how a person has done on a test. We must take an individual’s raw score and do something to it to give it meaning.