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According to the Big Mac Index, the implied PPP exchange rate is Mexican peso 8.50/$1 but the actual exchange rate is peso 10.80/$1. Thus, at current exchange rates the peso appears to be ________ by ________.
Barriers
Obstacles that prevent or hinder entry into a market or the pursuit of certain activities, which can be economic, legal, technical, or natural in nature.
Allocative Efficiency
A state of the economy in which production represents consumer preferences; every good or service is produced up to the point where the last unit provides a benefit to consumers equal to the cost of producing it.
Productive Efficiency
A state where goods and services are produced at the lowest possible cost and resources are utilized in the most efficient way.
Economies of Scale
The cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation, with cost per unit of output decreasing with increasing scale.
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