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According to pure expectations theory, if interest rates are expected to decrease, there will be ____ pressure on the demand for short-term funds by borrowers and ____ pressure on the demand for long-term funds issued by borrowers.
Marginal Cost
The cost of producing one additional unit of a product or service, an important concept in economics for decision-making regarding production levels.
Total Variable Costs
The sum of all costs that vary with the level of output, including materials, labor, and other expenses that increase or decrease as production changes.
Natural Monopoly
A market condition where due to high fixed costs or unique resources, a single company can supply a product or service at a lower cost than any potential competitor, thus dominating the market.
Unit Costs
The price a business incurs for the production, storage, and distribution of a single unit of a certain product or service.
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