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According to the Frank-Starling law of the heart, the shorter the initial length of the cardiac muscle fibers prior to contraction, the more forceful will be the subsequent contraction because the fibers are already partially contracted.
Sodium/Potassium Pump
A vital cell membrane protein that pumps sodium out of cells and potassium into cells, maintaining the necessary concentration gradients for nerve impulse transmission and muscle contractions.
Positively Charged Ions
Particles, either atoms or molecules, which have become positively charged by losing one or more electrons.
Depolarization
A decrease in the electrical charge across a cell membrane, usually in neurons or muscle cells, leading to the firing of an action potential.
Neural Impulse
An electrical signal that travels along a neuron, enabling neurons to communicate with each other and with other parts of the body.
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