Which of the Following Establish the Medullary Vertical Osmotic Gradient

question 218

Multiple Choice

Which of the following establish the medullary vertical osmotic gradient by means of countercurrent multiplication?

• A)Loops of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons
• B)Loops of Henle of cortical nephrons
• C)Vasa recta of juxtamedullary nephrons
• D)Vasa recta of cortical nephrons
• E)Vasopressin-secreting cells

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Definitions:

GRIT

A personality trait characterized by perseverance and passion for achieving long-term goals.

Attribution Theory

The theory concerning how people explain individual occurrences of causation, including how people infer the causes of their own and others' behaviors.

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

suggests that individuals experience discomfort (or dissonance) when holding conflicting cognitions, leading them to change attitudes, beliefs, or actions to reduce the dissonance.

Psychoanalytic Theory

A theory of psychology and psychotherapy developed by Sigmund Freud that emphasizes unconscious processes and childhood experiences in shaping behavior.