A Researcher Wanted to Determine If Consuming Diet Sodas Causes

question 34

Multiple Choice

A researcher wanted to determine if consuming diet sodas causes diabetes. He conducted a study in which subjects were asked to recall how many diet sodas they drank each day, on average; the subjects' blood sugar levels were then measured. The average blood sugar levels were determined in the test subjects. Each group included an equal number of male and female participants and the groups were standardized for average weight and age. Which of these statements most accurately describes what is seen in the graph?

• A)There appears to be a positive correlation between the number of diet sodas consumed each day and the average blood sugar levels measured in mmol/L. However, no definite cause-effect relationship has been established.
• B)There appears to be a negative correlation between the number of diet sodas consumed each day and the average blood sugar levels measure in mmol/L. However, no definite cause-effect relationship has been established.
• C)Drinking four or more diet sodas each day causes diabetes; a definite cause-effect relationship has been established.
• D)Drinking six or more diet sodas each day causes diabetes; a definite cause-effect relationship has been established.

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Definitions:

Figure-ground

A perceptual phenomenon where the focus is on a central object (figure) while the rest (ground) forms a background, showcasing how our perception separates visual stimuli.

Monocular Cue

A visual signal that allows for depth perception and estimation of an object's distance using just one eye.

Superposition

A principle in physics that for any two overlapping waves, the resulting wave is obtained by adding the amplitudes of the individual waves at each point.

Convergence

The process by which lines of perspective in a drawing or photograph appear to converge as they recede toward the horizon line, creating the illusion of depth. In a biological context, it refers to the evolution of similar features in species of different lineages.