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Modernization Theory Claims That What We Need to Explain in Human

question 68

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Modernization theory claims that what we need to explain in human history is not poverty but affluence.


Definitions:

Productive Inefficiency

A situation where resources are not used in the most cost-effective way, resulting in a higher production cost than necessary.

Allocative Inefficiency

A situation where resources are not allocated efficiently, leading to a mismatch between what is produced and what consumers actually demand, causing wastage and loss of potential welfare.

Monopolistically Competitive

Refers to a market structure where many firms sell products or services that are similar but not perfect substitutes, with some ability to set prices.

Excess Capacity

The situation in which a firm or economy can produce more goods than are currently being produced, due to underused resources.

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