Summarize the Main Arguments of Modernization Theory and Dependency Theory

question 65

Essay

Summarize the main arguments of modernization theory and dependency theory with respect to the transformation of poor societies. How does the former approach make social change sound more positive and easier than the second? What is the role of high-income nations such as the United States, according to each approach? On balance, which approach do you find more convincing? Why?

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Definitions:

Spontaneous Recovery

The reappearance of a learned response after its apparent extinction, often occurring in the absence of further conditioning.

Acquisition

The process of gaining a new skill, knowledge, behavior, or object through experience, practice, or the act of obtaining.

Conditioned Response

A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that has become associated with an unconditioned stimulus.

Extinction

In psychology, the diminishing of a conditioned response when the reinforcement is withheld or the stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus.