What Is Implied by the Assumption That Individual People Act

question 9

Multiple Choice

What is implied by the assumption that individual people act rationally?  

• A) People think only of themselves and disregard the well-being of others. 
• B) People undertake all those activities that yield benefits to themselves. 
• C) The greater the cost of a charitable deed to a benefactor, the more likely a person is to perform that deed. 
• D) People implicitly calculate the costs and benefits of an activity to decide if it is worthwhile.

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Definitions:

Cognitive Structures

Mental frameworks and patterns used to organize and interpret information, influencing how we perceive the world.

Preoperational

A stage in Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development where children from about 2 to 7 years old engage in symbolic play but struggle with logic and taking the perspective of others.

Concrete Operations

A stage in Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, typically occurring between ages 7 and 11, when children gain the ability to think logically about concrete events.

Decenter

The cognitive ability to take multiple aspects of a situation into account and understand perspectives other than one's own.