Patricia,a Recent College Graduate,is a Junior Architect at a Downtown

question 21

Multiple Choice

Patricia,a recent college graduate,is a junior architect at a downtown firm.After several months,she has become frustrated because even the simplest design change on a project must pass through four levels of management for approval.This is an example of ________.

• A) centralized decision making in a matrix
• B) inefficiency in a hierarchical organization
• C) inefficiency in an organic organization
• D) decentralized decision making in an adaptive organization

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Definitions:

Genetic Programs

The predetermined sequences of development and behavior encoded in an organism's DNA.

Arbitrary Lists

Random or unstructured collections of items or elements without a specific rationale for their order or selection.

Nominal Fallacy

The misconception that naming something explains it, without understanding the underlying causes or nature of what is being named.

Instinct Theories

Theories that propose individuals are driven to behave in certain ways due to evolutionary programmed instincts.