Matching -Directive Leadership

question 21

Multiple Choice

Matching
-Directive leadership

• A)emphasizes follower self-influence rather than more traditional external control processes
• B)behaviors that encourage positive psychological capacities, an ethical climate, greater self-awareness, an internalized moral perspective, a balanced processing of information, and self-development
• C)how a manager influences people through the threat of or actual negative consequences for undesired actions
• D)based on a manager's appealing traits or resources
• E)involves creating and communicating a higher-level vision in a charismatic way that elicits an emotional response and commitment from the followers
• F)derived from perceived knowledge, skill, or competence
• G)employs position power or legitimate power to exert influence over followers
• H)one who focuses on the needs, objectives, and aspirations of team members to help them achieve organizational goals
• I)a person that was born into a position of power and authority and seen by some as having a divine right to assume power
• J)strives to reinforce desirable behaviors with rewards that are perceived to be equitable and attractive by followers

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Definitions:

Loftus

Elizabeth Loftus is a cognitive psychologist and expert on human memory, known for her research on the malleability of human memory and the misinformation effect.

Recall

The act of retrieving information or memories from the past, without the aid of specific cues for what is being remembered.

Proactive Interference

A phenomenon in memory research where older information interferes with the recall of newer information.

Retroactive Interference

An occurrence where newly acquired knowledge hampers the retrieval of information learned earlier.