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Zaleznik's distinction between leaders and managers having contrasting personalities is similar to the distinction made between:
Carl Rogers
An influential American psychologist who founded the humanistic approach to psychology, emphasizing the importance of self-actualization and the potential for personal growth.
Self-Actualization
The process of realizing and fulfilling one's potential and capabilities, often considered the pinnacle of psychological development in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Personal Construct Theory
A theory in psychology proposing that individuals interpret the world and experiences through their own unique set of internal constructs.
Richard Ryan
A clinical psychologist often associated with the Self-Determination Theory, which he co-developed with Edward Deci, focusing on human motivation and personality in social contexts.
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