Since 2000, the U

question 32

Multiple Choice

Since 2000, the U.S. Supreme Court has raised serious doubts about the constitutionality of many state sentencing guidelines, holding that other than a prior conviction, any fact that increases the penalty for a crime beyond the statutory maximum must be tried before a jury (Apprendi v. New Jersey, 2000) . Based on this reasoning, in 2004 the Court struck down sentencing guidelines in the State of Washington, holding that the Sixth Amendment gives juries (and not judges) the power to make a finding of fact beyond a reasonable doubt (Blakely v. Washington, 2004) . The dissenters argued that the decision will serve only to increase judicial discretion and lead to less uniformity in sentencing, perhaps leading to increasing racial discrimination.
-Failure to submit a sentencing factor to a jury is subject to what kind of review?

Definitions:

Normal Balance

The side (debit or credit) of an account that increases its balance, reflecting the account's role in the accounting equation.

Financial Statement

A formal record of the financial activities and position of a business, individual, or other entity, detailing assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses over a specific period.

Permanent/Temporary

Used to classify accounts, with permanent accounts being those that carry their balances over into the next fiscal year, and temporary accounts being closed at the end of the fiscal year.

Normal Balance

The typical or usual balance of an account, which can be a debit for asset and expense accounts, or a credit for liability, equity, and revenue accounts.