Use Figure 14

question 1

Multiple Choice

Use Figure 14.1 and the following description to answer the questions below.
In a particular plant, leaf color is controlled by gene locus D. Plants with at least one allele D have dark green leaves, and plants with the homozygous recessive dd genotype have light green leaves. A true-breeding dark-leaved plant is crossed with a light-leaved one, and the F₁ offspring is allowed to self-pollinate. The predicted outcome of the F₂ is diagrammed in the Punnett square shown in Figure 14.1, where 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the genotypes corresponding to each box within the square.

Figure 14.1
-Which of the plants will be true-breeding?

• A) 1 and 4 only
• B) 2 and 3 only
• C) 1, 2, 3, and 4
• D) 1 only
• E) 1 and 2 only

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Definitions:

States of Nature

Hypothetical conditions or scenarios in decision theory and economics, representing all possible situations that could affect the outcome of a decision.

EMV

An acronym for Expected Monetary Value, a calculation used in decision making that quantifies the average outcome of a future event in monetary terms.

Payoff Table

A tool used in decision making that shows the outcome or results of different strategies under various conditions.

Expected Value Criterion

A decision-making approach that aims to maximize the expected outcome by taking into account all possible variations in performance.