The Following Questions Refer to the Description Below

question 48

Multiple Choice

The following questions refer to the description below.
You have taken an introductory course in animal biology and know that animals have evolved with different types of symmetry. Animals that show radial symmetry have a top and bottom, but do not have a left or right side, nor a front or back end. Animals that show bilateral symmetry have a top and bottom, left and right sides, and distinct anterior and posterior ends.
-Why do you think that evolution of cephalization is correlated with the evolution of bilateral symmetry?

• A)Bilaterally symmetrical animals are better adapted in aquatic environments where animals first evolved.
• B)As organisms needed to get smarter, an anterior end with a head region evolved.
• C)Bilaterally symmetrical animals have an anterior end that contains sensory material/brain region.
• D)If animals want to move backward, they need to have a front and back end.
• E)Two of the above are correct.

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Definitions:

Existential Instantiation

A logical principle stating that if something is said to exist, then a specific instance of that thing must also exist.

Universal Generalization

A logical operation that infers a general statement from specific cases, asserting that a property or relation holds for all members of a certain category.

Universal Instantiation

A logical rule that infers from the truth of a universally quantified statement about all members of a domain, the truth of that statement about any specific member.

Quantifier Negation

The process of applying negation to a statement that contains a quantifier, altering its scope and possibly changing the quantifier type (for example, from universal to existential).