During a Field Trip, an Instructor Touched a Moth Resting

question 57

Multiple Choice

During a field trip, an instructor touched a moth resting on a tree trunk. The moth raised its forewings to reveal large eyespots on its hind wings. The instructor asked why the moth lifted its wings. One student answered that sensory receptors had fired and triggered a neuronal reflex culminating in the contraction of certain muscles. A second student responded that the behaviour might frighten predators. Which statement best describes these explanations?

• A)The first explanation is correct, but the second is incorrect.
• B)The first explanation refers to proximate causation, whereas the second refers to ultimate causation.
• C)The first explanation is biological, whereas the second is philosophical.
• D)The first explanation is testable as a scientific hypothesis, whereas the second is not.
• E)Both explanations are reasonable and simply represent a difference of opinion.

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Definitions:

PCP

Synthesized drug now used as an animal tranquilizer that can cause stimulant, depressant, narcotic, or hallucinogenic effects.

Hidden Observer

A concept in hypnotism referring to a part of the mind that remains aware and observant during hypnosis, despite any suggestions of not being conscious of ongoing activities.

Ernest Hilgard

An influential psychologist known for his research on hypnosis and the theory of the "hidden observer" which suggests a part of the mind is always aware and observing what happens, even during hypnosis.

Tetrahydrocannabinol

The main psychoactive component of cannabis, responsible for the plant's intoxicating effects.