An AP Axial (Towne Method) Cranial Projection with Poor Positioning

question 24

Multiple Choice

An AP axial (Towne method) cranial projection with poor positioning demonstrates a foreshortened dorsum sellae and the atlas's posterior arch within the foramen magnum. How was the positioning setup mispositioned for such a projection to be obtained?
1) The patient's face was rotated toward the right side.
2) The chin was not adequately tucked.
3) The OML was not aligned perpendicular to the IR.
4) The central ray was angled too caudally.

• A) 1 and 3 only
• B) 2 and 4 only
• C) 2 and 3 only
• D) 3 and 4 only