The Dynamics of Environmental Rules and WTO Trade Principles Have

question 32

Multiple Choice

The dynamics of environmental rules and WTO trade principles have produced a lot of vigorous disagreement.Which of the following statements are not likely to be used by defenders of globalization on this issue?

• A) Environmental objectives should not restrict trade in any way.
• B) Environmental safeguards are simply means to disguise protectionism.
• C) Relaxing stringent burdens of proof about environmental damage would result in large income sacrifices for uncertain environmental gains that could be as readily achieved with other methods.
• D) Current WTO rules give incentives for countries to "race to the bottom" for the lowest possible environmental standards to attract scarce investment funds.
• E) To date, not a single WTO dispute has arisen from trade provisions contained in MEAs.

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Definitions:

Dollar-denominated Deposits

Bank deposits made in U.S. dollars rather than the local currency, often used in international trade or by investors seeking currency stability.

European Banks

Financial institutions based in Europe, playing significant roles in the European and global economy through various banking services.

Money Market

Includes short-term, highly liquid, and relatively low-risk debt instruments.

Real Estate Investment Trusts

Companies that own, operate, or finance income-producing real estate, providing investors with an opportunity to invest in large-scale, diversified portfolios of real estate.