Early Colonizing Bacteria on Tooth Surfaces Are

question 13

Multiple Choice

Early colonizing bacteria on tooth surfaces are:

• A) Largely anaerobic
• B) Associated with dental caries
• C) Predominantly rodlike in shape
• D) Predominantly cocci-like in shape

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Definitions:

Transformation

The incorporation of genetic material into a cell, thereby changing its phenotype. The conversion of a normal cell to a cancer cell (called a malignant transformation).

Plasmids

Small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules found in bacteria and some yeasts that can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA.

Bacterial Cells

Single-celled microorganisms that lack a distinct nucleus and are found everywhere in nature, with roles from fermentation to causing diseases.

Palindromic Sequence

A sequence of DNA or RNA that is the same when read forwards or backwards.