Sebastien Johan Is a Music Critic Known for His Ill-Tempered

question 72

Essay

Sebastien Johan is a music critic known for his ill-tempered manners.In a recent newspaper article,he harshly criticized a classical recording that was released shortly after the death of Glenn Klavier,its featured performer.Johan's review attacked Klavier's music,which was not unusual.However,the review also attacked Klavier personally.It unfairly and inaccurately suggested that Klavier had intentionally stolen all of his ideas from another pianist.Klavier's widow sued Johan under the tort of defamation on the basis that the review tended to make people think less of her late husband.She threatened to sue for $500 000 unless she immediately received payment of $100 000.Although Johan normally would have simply ignored the matter,he recently had experienced a number of financial setbacks.He therefore realized that while he would prefer to pay nothing,he could afford $100 000,but would be ruined if he was ever required to pay $500 000.He therefore promised to pay $100 000 within one year to Klavier's widow in exchange for her promise to drop the lawsuit.Six months later,however,Klavier's widow was reliably informed that her lawsuit certainly would have failed if it had been brought before a judge.The law of defamation states that a person cannot be held liable for making derogatory comments about a dead person.Johan therefore now refuses to fulfill his promise to pay $100 000.Is he entitled to do so? Explain your answer.

Explain the process and effects of multimodal and crossmodal perception in infants.

Comprehend classical and operant conditioning processes in early childhood development.

Understand the role of schemas in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Recognize the developmental transitions in infants' ability to coordinate actions.

---

Definitions:

Catharsis

A process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions.

Informed Consent

The process by which a fully informed person can participate in choices about their health care or participation in research.

Volunteer Bias

The phenomenon in research where volunteers may differ from the general population in significant ways, potentially leading to skewed results due to the self-selection of participants.

Conditioning

A method of changing behavior where an individual learns to link a new behavior with a stimulus that was previously not related to it.