The Bureaucratic Costs of Welfare Are Substantially Lower in Europe

question 9

Multiple Choice

The bureaucratic costs of welfare are substantially lower in Europe because most European countries

• A)farm out their welfare programs to the local level,where administration is more efficient.
• B)require that each individual prove his or her own eligibility.
• C)do not allow universal eligibility.
• D)have unitary rather than federal systems.
• E)offer far fewer welfare benefits than the United States.

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Definitions:

Perception

The cognitive process of interpreting sensory information to understand and interact with the environment.

Top-Down Processing

The use of preexisting knowledge to organize individual features into a unified whole.

Perceptual Set

A psychological factor that influences how an individual organizes and interprets sensory input, based on expectations, emotions, culture, and previous experiences.

Bottom-Up Processing

The analysis of the smaller features to build up to a complete perception.