Butterflies, Hummingbirds, and Bats Play a Keystone Role in Some

question 40

Short Answer

Butterflies, hummingbirds, and bats play a keystone role in some ecosystems by ____________________ plant species.

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Definitions:

Secondary Reinforcer

A type of reinforcer which does not satisfy a basic biological need but has been learned to be valuable through association with primary reinforcers.

Conditioned Response

A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that has become associated with a meaningful stimulus.

Avoidance Conditioning

A type of learning in which an individual learns a behavior to avoid an unpleasant stimulus.

Negative Reinforcement

A behavioral concept in which the removal of an unfavorable outcome or stimulus increases the likelihood of a response occurring again in the future.