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Bid-rigging is more likely when
Direct Materials Purchases Variance
The difference between the actual cost of direct materials purchased and the expected cost, based on standard prices and quantities.
Standard Costs
Predetermined or estimated costs used for budgeting and measuring performance, typically under ideal operating conditions.
Materials Quantity Variance
The difference between the actual quantity of materials used in production and the standard quantity expected to be used, based on budgeted or planned amounts.
Direct Labor-Hours
The total hours worked by employees directly involved in the production process, used as a basis for allocating manufacturing overhead in cost accounting.
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