A Student Nurse Is Assisting in the Care of a Client

question 20

Multiple Choice

A student nurse is assisting in the care of a client with bipolar disorder.The student nurse researches the disorder further,focusing on the pathophysiology and etiology of the disorder.Which are true regarding the pathophysiology and etiology of bipolar disorder? Select all that apply.

• A) No definitive cause or specific pathophysiology has been identified for bipolar spectrum disorders.
• B) Bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders, and personality disorders share biological susceptibility and inheritance patterns.
• C) Immunological abnormalities may contribute to the pathophysiology of mania and bipolar disorder.
• D) Children of parents with bipolar disorder have an increased risk of developing the disorder.
• E) Stressful life events and an emotionally overinvolved, hostile, and critical communication pattern are factors associated with heritability of the disorder.

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Definitions:

McGurk Effect

A phenomenon that illustrates the interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception, where visual cues can alter what we believe we hear.

Phantom Limb Sensations

Refers to the feeling that an amputated or missing limb is still attached to the body and is moving appropriately with other body parts.

Rubber-Hand Illusion

A psychological experiment that demonstrates how sensory information can influence the perception of one’s body, creating the illusion that a rubber hand is part of the participant’s body.

Tinnitus

A condition characterized by hearing noises (like ringing, buzzing, or humming) in the ears when no external sound is present.