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Studies on classical conditioning of the immune system have shown that
Cognitive Processes
Mental actions or operations that include thinking, reasoning, problem-solving, decision-making, and memory.
Associative Learning
A learning process where a relationship is formed between two stimuli or between a stimulus and a behavior.
Negative Reinforcement
A method in behavioral psychology that increases the likelihood of a behavior by removing an unpleasant stimulus when the behavior occurs.
Discrimination
Biased or unfair behavior towards various groups of individuals, particularly based on their racial background, age, or gender.
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