Which of the Following Best Describes Recent Trends in State

question 31

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes recent trends in state and local government spending as compared to federal government spending over the past 30 years?

• A)State and local government spending has grown, while federal spending has decreased except for federal spending in 2009-2011.
• B)Federal spending has increased, while state and local government spending has decreased.
• C)Both federal spending and state and local spending have increased, especially since the recession in 2009.
• D)Both federal spending and state and local spending have decreased, as Republican tax policies have decreased the federal budget, thereby impacting state and local budgets.
• E)Both federal spending and state and local spending have held steady in recent years; there have been no significant increases or decreases.

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Definitions:

Two-way Communication

A process of exchange where information or ideas are sent and received between two or more parties, facilitating dialogue and feedback.

Quality Movement

The synthesis of “hard” efforts to improve work performance, such as scientific management and quantitative methods, with “soft” efforts, such as improving morale and building community. The quality movement, most associated with the work of W. Edwards Deming, typically involves participative leadership, continuous process improvement, and the use of groups.

Immediate Supervisors

Direct leaders or managers who are responsible for overseeing and guiding employees' day-to-day work.

Collective Effort

A process where a group of individuals work together towards a common goal, pooling resources and coordinating actions.