Cytochrome C Is Normally Attached to the Outer Surface of the Inner

question 6

Multiple Choice

Cytochrome c is normally attached to the outer surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it participates in electron transport.However, when released into the cytoplasm, it can influence the fate of the cell by:

• A)Activating mitogen-activated protein kinases, thereby pushing the cell through the G1 checkpoint.
• B)Binding to death receptors, thereby triggering apoptosis.
• C)Entering the nucleus, where it activates transcription by removing the retinoblastoma protein pRb from the transcription factor E2F.
• D)Binding tightly to the Ras protein, thereby causing exit from the cell cycle.
• E)Helping in the assembly of the apoptosome, which triggers apoptosis.

---

Definitions:

Top-Down Processing

A cognitive process where perception begins with the brain applying what it knows and expects to perceive and then works downward to the finer details.

Good Continuation

A principle of Gestalt psychology that states elements tend to be grouped together if they follow in the same direction or pattern, creating a perception of continuity.

Figure-Ground Separation

The ability to distinguish an object (the figure) from its background (the ground).

Bottom-Up

An approach or processing that starts with smaller, detailed information and leads to a broader understanding or conclusion.