In the Context of Organizational Authority, Which of the Following

question 102

Multiple Choice

In the context of organizational authority, which of the following is a difference between centralization and decentralization?

• A) Centralization is the location of most authority in the lower levels of an organization, whereas decentralization is the location of most authority in the upper levels of an organization.
• B) Centralization should occur where standardization is important, whereas decentralization should occur where standardization is unimportant.
• C) In a centralized organization, most decisions should be made by first-line managers, whereas in a decentralized organization, most decisions should be made by top managers.
• D) An organization is centralized if it has a high degree of delegation at all levels, whereas an organization is decentralized if it has a low degree of delegation at all levels.

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Definitions:

Personality Theory

A framework for analyzing and categorizing the psychological characteristics and behaviors that make each person unique.

Id

A component of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory, representing the instinctual drives and the source of psychic energy, operating according to the pleasure principle.

Superego

is a part of the personality in Freud's psychoanalytic theory, representing moral standards and ideals acquired from parents and society.

Guilt

A feeling of responsibility or remorse for some offense, crime, wrong, whether real or imagined.