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AJ Is a Minority Who Is Walking His Dog in a City

question 19

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A.J. is a minority who is walking his dog in a city that has an ordinance to make sure people clean up after their dogs. Of course A.J. has never seen this ordinance enforced, so he just continues walking after his dog defecates. He doesn't know that a rookie patrolman has been watching and observed him fail to clean up his dog's waste. A.J. walks around the corner to find a whole wall of freshly painted graffiti and spray paint cans on the ground. He picks one up to put it in the trash just as the patrolman is walking around the corner to give A.J. an ordinance violation ticket.
-A.J. is suing the rookie patrolman for defamation of character and racial profiling. He thinks that the patrolman assumed that he was the perpetrator of the graffiti because he is a minority. What can a state court judge do for A.J. in his defamation case


Definitions:

Traditional Format Income Statement

A financial statement format that separates operating activities from non-operating activities to reveal gross profit, operating income, and net income.

Contribution Format Income Statement

An income statement format that separates variable and fixed costs, making it easier to see the contribution margin.

Contribution Margin

The revenue remaining after deducting variable costs, which contributes to covering fixed costs and generating profit.

Direct Manufacturing Cost

Expenses directly associated with the production of goods, including direct materials and direct labor costs.

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