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DrAcitelli Studies Sleep and Sleep Disorders

question 27

Multiple Choice

Dr.Acitelli studies sleep and sleep disorders.She is curious as to whether falling asleep in front of a television set causes people to fall asleep more slowly than falling asleep without watching TV.She recruits a sample of 60 middle-aged women from a local church who reported no history of sleep problems.She creates three conditions.All participants come to the sleep lab for three nights in a row and experience all three conditions.In the first condition (A) ,participants fall asleep in front of a television that is off.In the second condition (B) ,participants fall asleep in front of a television that is turned on to the same 24-hour news channel.In the third condition (C) ,participants fall asleep in front of a television that is turned on to the same 24-hour news channel but is muted.With the use of an electroencephalograph (EEG) ,the researcher measures how long it takes participants to fall asleep.

-Given that Dr.Acitelli's participants have agreed to participate for three nights each,which type of counterbalancing should she use?

Definitions:

Subject Attrition

The loss of participants during the course of a study, which can affect the validity and reliability of the research outcomes.

Generalizability

The extent to which the findings of a study can be applied to other populations, settings, or times.

Internal Validity

Internal validity refers to the extent to which a piece of research accurately measures or tests what it set out to measure or test, without being influenced by external factors. High internal validity means that the study design, conduct, and analysis ensure the study's findings are trustworthy.

External Validity

External validity refers to the extent to which the outcomes of a study can be generalized or applied beyond the specific study context or sample, including to other populations, settings, treatment variables, and measurement variables.