Dr Elder Was Interested in the Way People Recognize Objects

question 48

Multiple Choice

Dr. Elder was interested in the way people recognize objects as members of categories. For example, what makes us recognize a dog as being a dog and not a cat? More specifically, he was curious as to whether people think about categories in a more complex way if they contemplate an "opposite" category first. For example, does a person think more differently about the category of "southern" if they are also thinking about the category of "northern"? He is also curious as to whether people categorize differently if they are exposed to category members compared with generating category members. Dr. Elder has four groups of participants (with 30 people in each group) . In Group A, participants were told to cut out pictures of dogs and cats from magazines. In Group B, participants were told to cut out pictures of just dogs from magazines. In Group C, participants were told to draw pictures of cats and dogs. In Group D, participants were told to draw pictures of just dogs. After doing this for 30 minutes, participants in all groups were asked to list the attributes that define the "dog" category. Having a higher number of attributes listed was considered to be an indication of thinking about the category in a more complex way.
Dr) Elder also is curious as to whether categorization happens similarly for children as it does for adults. As such, he recruits a group of 10-year-olds and a group of 20-year-olds to participate in the study. The results are below.

Which of the following reasons might Dr. Elder have for changing his study in this way?

• A)To enhance external validity
• B)To ensure construct validity
• C)To deal with statistical validity
• D)To control internal validity

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Definitions:

Jakob Nielsen

A Danish web usability consultant known for his contributions to the field of web design and user experience.

Design Strategy

An overarching plan or approach employed to create solutions for design challenges, integrating user needs with business goals.

Visual Variety

The use of different visual elements in a presentation or document to maintain audience engagement and aid in the communication of information.

Visual Representation

Graphical depiction of objects, concepts, or data, intended to communicate information easily and efficiently.