Dr Elder Was Interested in the Way People Recognize Objects

question 63

Multiple Choice

Dr. Elder was interested in the way people recognize objects as members of categories. For example, what makes us recognize a dog as being a dog and not a cat? More specifically, he was curious as to whether people think about categories in a more complex way if they contemplate an "opposite" category first. For example, does a person think differently about the category of "southern" if they first think about the category of "northern"? He is also curious as to whether people categorize differently if they are exposed to category members compared with generating category members. Dr. Elder has four groups of participants (with 30 people in each group) . In Group A, participants were told to cut out pictures of dogs and cats from magazines. In Group B, participants were told to cut out pictures of just dogs from magazines. In Group C, participants were told to draw pictures of cats and dogs. In Group D, participants were told to draw pictures of just dogs. After doing this for 30 minutes, participants in all groups were asked to list the attributes that define the "dog" category. Having a higher number of attributes listed was considered to be an indication of thinking about the category in a more complex way. The results of his study are below.

How many participant variables exist in Dr. Elder's study?

• A)0
• B)1
• C)2

Explain Rogers's concept of conditions of worth and how it influences personal decisions and behavior.

Understand and apply Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism to explain behavior changes.

Grasp the guidance Erikson's theory offers to parenting and its practical applications.

Examine the role of social influence according to Fromm and compare it with Erikson’s stages.

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Definitions:

Sensory Adaptation

The process by which sensory receptors become less sensitive to constant stimuli over time, leading to a decrease in sensation.

Masking Stimulus

A stimulus that interferes with the perception of another stimulus, often used in psychological experiments to study attention processes.

Accommodation

A concept in cognitive psychology where existing mental schemas are adjusted or expanded to incorporate new information.

Adaptation

The process by which an organism becomes better suited to its habitat through genetic changes and behavioral adjustments.