To Study the Effects of Physical Discomfort on Attention, Dr

question 44

Essay

To study the effects of physical discomfort on attention, Dr. Lopez conducted the following study: A group of participants were required to keep one hand submerged in cold water (52 degrees). Half of the participants kept their hand in the water for 2 minutes, and half of the participants kept their hand in the water for 4 minutes. In addition, half of the participants were given a placebo pill and told it would reduce the pain of the water (pain relief assumed). The other half were given a placebo pill and told that it would have no effect (no pain relief assumed). While their hands were in the water, participants were asked to watch a video where a ball is quickly passed between and underneath three cups. At the end of the video, participants were asked to indicate under which cup the ball could be found. Whether or not the participant picked the correct cup was recorded (as a measure of whether they were paying attention). The results are below.

Imagine that Dr. Lopez decides to add an additional variable to his study. He is curious as to whether the results of the study vary based on sex (male and female). The graphs of the results are below. Discuss whether Dr. Lopez should conclude that a three-way interaction exists in his study.

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Definitions:

D-(+)-Glyceraldehyde

A simple sugar (monosaccharide) that is an important intermediate in metabolic processes and has a specific optical rotation.

Open-Chain Form

Describes molecules that possess a linear or branched structure without cyclic or ring formations, often contrasting with cyclic forms.

D-Galactose

A naturally occurring sugar component of lactose, important in metabolism and the structure of biomolecules.

Open-Chain Form

Describes compounds that have a linear or branched structure rather than a cyclic structure, common in organic chemistry.